EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MINDFULNESS-BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY (MBCT) PADA INDIVIDU DENGAN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)
Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) adalah gangguan kesehatan psikologis yang terjadi ketika individu memiliki rasa cemas maupun takut secara berlebihan dengan adanya pikiran obsesif dan perilaku kompulsif yang mengganggu aktivitas yang akan berkembang menjadi gangguan mental kronis yang parah. Intervensi yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini adalah CBT, Namun terdapat beberapa kekurangan seperti kemungkinan relapse dan kurangnya efek jangka panjang. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) merupakan intervensi yang melatih keterampilan keterampilan pada individu dengan keterbukaan, kesadaran tanpa penilaian dan penerimaan pengalaman di saat ini. MBCT sudah terbukti efektif dalam mengatasi gejala kecemasan dan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan MBCT pada individu dengan OCD
Pembahasan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MBCT cukup efektif untuk mengurangi gejala gejala OCD. MBCT juga terbukti menurunkan kecemasan dan depresi secara signifikan pada individu dengan OCD. MBCT menjadi terapi yang dapat diterima dan aman bagi individu dengan OCD. terapi ini juga efektif digunakan sebagai terapi lanjutan dari CBT dan dapat digunakan sebagai terapi utama pada individu dengan OCD.
Simpulan: Penerapan Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) cukup efektif untuk mengurangi gejala dan meningkatkan keterampilan pada individu dengan obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Intervensi ini secara umum dapat diterima oleh individu dengan OCD karena meningkatkan kesadaran. Intervensi ini dapat digunakan sebagai terapi lanjutan untuk mengurangi sisa gejala residu dari cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) ataupun sebagai terapi utama yang cukup efektif.
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
Referensi
2. Stein DJ, Costa DLC, Lochner C, Miguel EC, Reddy YCJ, Shavitt RG, et al. Obsessive–compulsive disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019 Aug 1;5(1):1–21.
3. Brock H, Rizvi A, Hany M. Obsessive-Compulsive disorder. StatPearls Publishing. 2023.
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
5. Agung MA. Gangguan kecemasan OCD: Penyebab dan faktor resiko pada remaja. Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal. 2023 Jan;1(4):154–7.
6. Salamah SN, Muammaroh NLR. Pengendalian Diri Pada Penderita OCD. Psikodinamika - Jurnal Literasi Psikologi. 2021 Apr 20;1(1):41–56.
7. Chacon P, Bernardes E, Faggian L, Batistuzzo M, Moriyama T, Miguel EC, et al. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in children with first degree relatives diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. 2018 Jun 11;40(4):388–93.
8. van Grootheest DS, Cath DC, Beekman AT, Boomsma DI. Twin Studies on Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Review. Twin Research and Human Genetics. 2005 Oct 1;8(5):450–8.
9. Marsden Z, Lovell K, Blore D, Ali S, Delgadillo J. A randomized controlled trial comparing EMDR and CBT for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2018 Jan 28;25(1).
10. Gragnani A, Zaccari V, Femia G, Pellegrini V, Tenore K, Fadda S, et al. Cognitive–Behavioral Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: The Results of a Naturalistic Outcomes Study. J Clin Med. 2022 May 13;11(10):2762.
11. Bonchek A. What’s Broken with Cognitive Behavior Therapy Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and How to Fix It. Am J Psychother. 2009 Jan;63(1):69–86.
12. Hiss H, Foa EB, Kozak MJ. Relapse prevention program for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994;62(4):801–8.
13. Springer KS, Levy HC, Tolin DF. Remission in CBT for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2018 Apr;61:1–8.
14. Segal Z V., Williams JMG, Teasdale JD. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford; 2002.
15. Williams JMG, Teasdale JD, Segal Z V., Kabat-Zinn J. The mindful way through depression: Freeing yourself from chronic unhappiness. New York: Guilford; 2007.
16. Nugroho ARBP, Halwati U. Konseling dan Mindfulness Based Cognitive Theraphy (MBCT): Treatment bagi Pasien Kanker. Assertive: Islamic Counseling Journal. 2022 Jun 3;1(1):26–45.
17. Khazami M, Dasht Bozorgi Z. Effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Among COVID-19 Patients. Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences. 2021 Aug 24;13(3).
18. Raee M, Fatahi N, Homayoun MS, Ezatabadipor H, Shams M. The effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on self-esteem, self-concept, and social anxiety of people with social anxiety disorder. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry. 2022 May;23(05).
19. Kocovski N, MacKenzie M. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: trends and developments. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2016 May;125.
20. Prameswari A, Yudiarso A. Efektivitas Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy untuk Menurunkan Depresi : Meta-Analisis. Psycho Idea. 2021 Aug 7;19(2):151.
21. Cludius B, Landmann S, Rose N, Heidenreich T, Hottenrott B, Schröder J, et al. Long-term effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and residual symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy: Twelve-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res. 2020 Sep;291:113119.
22. Segal Z V., Williams JMG, Teasdale JD. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression (Second ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.; 2013.
23. Leeuwerik T, Cavanagh K, Forrester E, Hoadley C, Jones AM, Lea L, et al. Participant perspectives on the acceptability and effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy approaches for obsessive compulsive disorder. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 21;15(10):e0238845.
24. Selchen S, Hawley LL, Regev R, Richter P, Rector NA. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for OCD: Stand-Alone and Post-CBT Augmentation Approaches. Int J Cogn Ther. 2018 Mar 3;11(1):58–79.
25. Key BL, Rowa K, Bieling P, McCabe R, Pawluk EJ. Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy as an augmentation treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2017 Sep 13;24(5):1109–20.
26. Mathur S, Sharma MP, Balachander S, Kandavel T, Reddy YJ. A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy vs stress management training for obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2021 Mar;282:58–68.
27. Pundeer A, Jahan M. Application of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy module on symptoms severity in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences. 2019;7(5):1122–6.
28. Musa ZA, Kim Lam S, Binti Mamat @ Mukhtar F, Kwong Yan S, Tajudeen Olalekan O, Kim Geok S. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on the management of depressive disorder: Systematic review. Int J Afr Nurs Sci. 2020;12:100200.
29. Külz AK, Landmann S, Cludius B, Rose N, Heidenreich T, Jelinek L, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and residual symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): a randomized controlled trial. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2019 Mar 16;269(2):223–33.
30. DIDONNA F, LANFREDI M, XODO E, FERRARI C, ROSSI R, PEDRINI L. Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Pilot Study. J Psychiatr Pract. 2019 Mar;25(2):156–70.
31. Zhang T, Lu L, Didonna F, Wang Z, Zhang H, Fan Q. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Unmedicated Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial With 6-Month Follow-Up. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Aug 3;12.
