N-MYC DOWNSTREAM-REGULATED GENE 2 (NDRG2): INOVASI PENANDA TUMOR DIAGNOSTIK DAN PROGNOSTIK TERBARU UNTUK KANKER PARU

Yulian Prastisia; Ghea Mangkuliguna; Nikolaus Tobian

Yulian Prastisia Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ghea Mangkuliguna Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia
Nikolaus Tobian Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstrak

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of oncological death worldwide. One out of five people have passed away because of this cancer. Currently, there is no diagnostic tool that can accurately detect early lesions of lung cancer. As a result, patients are diagnosed only when the lung cancer has reached the advanced stage where 5-year-survival-rate is no higher than 5%. At this point, tumors are no longer surgically resectable and sensitive to treatments. Recently, a gene called N-myc downstream-regulated 2 (NDRG2) is found to be aberrantly expressed in human lung cancer, thus marked its potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.

Method: A systematic literature study was conducted with the database from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Proquest for articles published within 2009-2019.

Discussion: This literature review yields result that 56,7-64,5% of patients diagnosed with lung cancer have reduced to absent NDRG2 expression in the tissue. NDRG2 expression is correlated with TNM Stage, tumor & vascular invasion, tumor differentiation status, and tumor size. Moreover, low expression of NDRG2 is an indicator of poor prognostic associated with 2 times lower overall survival rate for patients with lung cancer.

Conclusion: NDRG2 has shown promise to be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.

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