GAMBARAN MEKANISME KOPING DAN BURNOUT PADA ORANG TUA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
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https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2023.v11.i02.p01
Abstrak
The change situation during the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge for parents to raise their children. The role of parents during a pandemic can lead to burnout which causes emotional problems so there is a risk of violent behavior in children. Coping mechanisms are needed by parents to adapt difficult situations during a pressing pandemic. This study aimed to describe the coping mechanisms and burnout among parents of elementary school students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The design of this research was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The sample size used were 261 parents of students from SDK ST. Maria Immaculata Tabanan and SD Negeri 1 Sembung Gede were selected used the proportional stratified random sampling. The results showed that the parents of elementary school students were in the late adult age category with a median value of 39 years old. Most of the parents in this study were female, college educated, married, had two child and were still working. The results of statistical tests showed that as many as 52,9% of parents used adaptive coping mechanisms and 47,1% of parents used maladaptive coping mechanisms. The results of the analysis of the burnout rate of parents are in the low category as much as 25,7%, the moderate burnout category as much as 49,4% and the high burnout category as much as 24,9%. It was concluded that most of the parents of elementary school students in this study used adaptive coping mechanisms and had moderate burnout levels during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Referensi
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Atmaja, I.W & Suana. (2019). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap burnout dengan role stress sebagai variabel mediasi pada karyawan rumours restaurant. E-Journal Manajement, 8 (2), 7775 – 7804.
Bhat, B.A., Mir, R.A., Hussain, A., & Shah, I.R. (2020). Depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of sleep, and coping during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic in general population in kashmir. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(61), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00069-2
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Maslach, C. & Leiter, M.P. (2016) Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15:, 103-111.
Mikolajczak, M., Brianda, M. E., Avalosse, H., & Roskam, I. (2018). Consequences of parental burnout: its specificeffect on childneglect and violence. Journal Child Abuse & Neglect, 134-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu .2018.03.025
Nasution, N.B., Nasrun., & Marselina, M. (2020). Pelatihan koping adaptif untuk menurunkan dampak psikologi virus covid-19 di sd plus jabal rahmah mulia, jl. balai desa no. 16-27, sunggal, kec. medan sunggal, kota medan. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 26(4), 248-253.
Octaviani, M., Herawati, T., & Tyas, F.P.S. (2018). Stres, strategi koping, dan kesejahteraan subyektif pada keluarga orang tua tunggal. Jur. Ilm. Kel. & Kons, 11 (3), 169-180.
Pravesty, E. (2017). Hubungan Mekanisme Koping Dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Orang Tua Yang Memiliki Anak Retardasi Mental di SLB N 1 Bantul. Skripsi. Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan. Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah. Yogyakarta.
Putri, T.H. (2020). Gambaran burnout pada perawat kesehatan jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab, 3(2), 60-67.
Roskam, I., Aguiar, J., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Artavia, M., Avalosse, H., ….. Yotanyamaneewong, S. (2021). Parental burnout around the globe: a 42-country study. Affective Science, 2:58–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s427 61-020-00028-4
Roskam, I., Brianda, M. E & Mikolajczak, M. (2018). A step forward in the conceptualization and measurement of parental burnout: the parental burnout assessment (PBA). Front. Psychol, 9:758. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg. 2018.00758
Roskam, I., Raes, M-E., & Mikolajczak. M. (2017). Exhausted parents: development and preliminary validation of the parental burnout inventory. Front. Psychol, 8:163. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00163
Sari, D.Y (2015). Hubungan beban kerja, faktor demografi, locus of control dan harga diri terhadap burnout syndrome pada perawat pelaksana IRD RSUP Sanglah. Coping Ners Journal. 3(2). 51-60. ISSN:2303-1298.
Shaheen, F. & Mahmood, N. (2018). Influence of demographic characteristics towards emotional burnout among public school teachers in Punjab. Journal of Elementary Education, 27 (2), 1-20.
Stuart & Wiscarz, G. (2016). Prinsip dan Praktik Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa Stuart. Singapore: Elsevier.
Vivin, S. & Daryati, E.I. (2020). Hubungan karakteristik dan pengetahuan dengan mekanisme koping orang tua menghadapi temper tantrum. Carolus Journal of Nursing, 3 (1), 1-14.
Zyga, S., Mitrousi, S., Alikari, V., Sachlas, A., Stathoulis, J., Fradelos, E.…Maria, L. (2016). Assessing factors that affect coping strategies among nursing personnel. Mater Sociomed, 28 (2), 146-150.
Ardani, W.A., Sasono, T.N., & Rohmi, F. (2020). Hubungan mekanisme koping dengan tingkat kecemasan orang tua yang memiliki anak retardasi mental di SLB BC PGRI Sumber Pucung. Jurnal Midpro, 12 (1), 123-134.
Arjunawadi, M. (2015). Gambaran Mekanisme Koping Orang Tua Yang Memiliki Anak Down Syndrome Di SLB Negeri Ungaran Kabupaten Semarang. Skripsi. Program Studi Keperawatan. Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Ngudi Waluyo. Semarang.
Atmaja, I.W & Suana. (2019). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap burnout dengan role stress sebagai variabel mediasi pada karyawan rumours restaurant. E-Journal Manajement, 8 (2), 7775 – 7804.
Bhat, B.A., Mir, R.A., Hussain, A., & Shah, I.R. (2020). Depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of sleep, and coping during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic in general population in kashmir. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(61), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00069-2
Eliyana. (2016). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan burnout perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat inap RSJ Provinsi Kalimantan Barat tahun 2015. Jurnal Administrasi Rumah Sakit, 2 (3), 172-182.
Fitriani, A., & Kembangkasih, A. (2020). Pemberian pelatihan webinar strategi pengelolaan (coping) stres menghadapi pandemi covid-19. Jurnal Abdimas, 6(4), 252-259.
Foley, C., & Murphy, M., (2015). Burnout in irish teachers: investigating the role of individual differences, work environment and coping factors. Teaching and Teacher Education, 50, 46-55. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.tate. 2015.05.001
Hapsari, S.M., Sugito, & Fauziah, P.Y. (2020). Parent’s involvement in early childhood education during Covid-19. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 10 (2), 298-311.
Hubert, S., & Aujoulat, I. (2018). Parental burnout : when exhausted mothers open up. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1021. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01021
Jannah, M (2015). Tugas-tugas perkembangan pada usia kanak-kanak. Gender Equality: Internasional Journal of Child and Gender Studies, 1 (2), 87-98.
Kerr, M.L., Braaten, S., Fanning, K., & Kim, C. (2020). Pandemic parenting in wisconsin. Kerr Parent Lab, 1-7.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI). (2020). Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19). Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Penyakit. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI.
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud). (2020). Pembelajaran Secara Daring dan Bekerja Dirumah. Ristekdikti.go.id. Available at: http://lldi kti14.ristekdikti.go.id/assets/ berkas/e4ac36b3906ce2044c95ed82 cc0064e3.pdf. Accessed: 20 Septemb er 2020
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud). (2020). Penyesuaian Kebijakan Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Kemendikbud.go.id. Available at: http://www. kemendikbud.go.id. Accessed: 30 September 2020.
Manja, S.A., Mohamad, I., Ismail, H., & Yusof, N.I. (2020). Working parents and emotionally parental burnout during Malaysia movement control order (Mco). European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7 (2), 4930-4953.
Maslach, C. & Leiter, M.P. (2016) Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15:, 103-111.
Mikolajczak, M., Brianda, M. E., Avalosse, H., & Roskam, I. (2018). Consequences of parental burnout: its specificeffect on childneglect and violence. Journal Child Abuse & Neglect, 134-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu .2018.03.025
Nasution, N.B., Nasrun., & Marselina, M. (2020). Pelatihan koping adaptif untuk menurunkan dampak psikologi virus covid-19 di sd plus jabal rahmah mulia, jl. balai desa no. 16-27, sunggal, kec. medan sunggal, kota medan. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 26(4), 248-253.
Octaviani, M., Herawati, T., & Tyas, F.P.S. (2018). Stres, strategi koping, dan kesejahteraan subyektif pada keluarga orang tua tunggal. Jur. Ilm. Kel. & Kons, 11 (3), 169-180.
Pravesty, E. (2017). Hubungan Mekanisme Koping Dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Orang Tua Yang Memiliki Anak Retardasi Mental di SLB N 1 Bantul. Skripsi. Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan. Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah. Yogyakarta.
Putri, T.H. (2020). Gambaran burnout pada perawat kesehatan jiwa. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab, 3(2), 60-67.
Roskam, I., Aguiar, J., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Artavia, M., Avalosse, H., ….. Yotanyamaneewong, S. (2021). Parental burnout around the globe: a 42-country study. Affective Science, 2:58–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s427 61-020-00028-4
Roskam, I., Brianda, M. E & Mikolajczak, M. (2018). A step forward in the conceptualization and measurement of parental burnout: the parental burnout assessment (PBA). Front. Psychol, 9:758. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg. 2018.00758
Roskam, I., Raes, M-E., & Mikolajczak. M. (2017). Exhausted parents: development and preliminary validation of the parental burnout inventory. Front. Psychol, 8:163. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00163
Sari, D.Y (2015). Hubungan beban kerja, faktor demografi, locus of control dan harga diri terhadap burnout syndrome pada perawat pelaksana IRD RSUP Sanglah. Coping Ners Journal. 3(2). 51-60. ISSN:2303-1298.
Shaheen, F. & Mahmood, N. (2018). Influence of demographic characteristics towards emotional burnout among public school teachers in Punjab. Journal of Elementary Education, 27 (2), 1-20.
Stuart & Wiscarz, G. (2016). Prinsip dan Praktik Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa Stuart. Singapore: Elsevier.
Vivin, S. & Daryati, E.I. (2020). Hubungan karakteristik dan pengetahuan dengan mekanisme koping orang tua menghadapi temper tantrum. Carolus Journal of Nursing, 3 (1), 1-14.
Zyga, S., Mitrousi, S., Alikari, V., Sachlas, A., Stathoulis, J., Fradelos, E.…Maria, L. (2016). Assessing factors that affect coping strategies among nursing personnel. Mater Sociomed, 28 (2), 146-150.
Diterbitkan
2023-05-05
##submission.howToCite##
SOFIYANTARI, Ni Gusti Ayu Putu Intan; DEVI, Ni Luh Putu Shinta; NURHESTI, Putu Oka Yuli.
GAMBARAN MEKANISME KOPING DAN BURNOUT PADA ORANG TUA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19.
Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. 1-8, may 2023.
ISSN 2715-1980.
Tersedia pada: <http://103.29.196.112/index.php/coping/article/view/94235>. Tanggal Akses: 05 mar. 2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/coping.2023.v11.i02.p01.
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