LEGAL STRATEGIES TO PROTECT INDONESIAN INDUSTRIES FROM TRADE WAR IMPACTS BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND CHINA - Pitriyantini, Putu Eka; Kusuma Pratiwi, Ida Ayu Windhari; Dharma, Ida Bagus Wirya (Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum, 2025)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi yuridis dari perang dagang antara Amerika Serikat dan China terhadap sistem hukum ekonomi Indonesia, khususnya dalam aspek ekspor, impor, tarif, dan bea masuk Industri. Perang dagang yang dimulai sejak 2018 dan memanas kembali pada 2025 telah mengganggu stabilitas perdagangan global dan memberikan tekanan terhadap negara-negara mitra dagang, termasuk Indonesia. Meskipun Indonesia bukan pihak langsung dalam konflik, keterlibatannya dalam rantai pasok global membuatnya rentan terhadap dampak tidak langsung, seperti penurunan ekspor dan gangguan pada industri padat karya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan sejarah aturan hukum. Data diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak perang dagang terhadap Indonesia relatif kecil secara langsung, namun tetap signifikan dalam sektor-sektor tertentu seperti manufaktur dan tekstil. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi hukum yang adaptif melalui optimalisasi instrumen hukum yang ada, seperti Undang-Undang Perdagangan dan Undang-Undang Kepabeanan. Pemerintah perlu memperkuat regulasi dan kebijakan seperti pemberian insentif fiskal, diversifikasi pasar ekspor, serta pengawasan perdagangan lintas negara untuk memitigasi dampak ekonomi global. Langkah-langkah ini penting untuk melindungi produsen lokal, menjaga stabilitas ekonomi nasional, dan memastikan keberlanjutan sektor industri padat karya di tengah ketidakpastian global. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze and understand the legal implications of the trade war between the United States and China on Indonesia's economic legal system. The escalation of tariffs between these two economic giants has significantly disrupted global trade stability, which indirectly affects Indonesia, particularly in export-oriented sectors such as textiles, electronics, and footwear. The research adopts a normative legal method with a statutory and historical legal approach. The study uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials which are analyzed qualitatively to draw conclusions. The findings reveal that although Indonesia is not a direct party to the conflict, its interconnectedness within global supply chains makes it vulnerable to external shocks, including declining export demand, disruption in production, and increased economic uncertainty. The Indonesian government must respond with adaptive legal strategies, particularly by strengthening the implementation of Law No. 7 of 2014 on Trade and Law No. 17 of 2006 on Customs. These include measures such as fiscal incentives, export market diversification, and enhanced technical support for exporters. Moreover, the customs regulation framework must be optimized to protect domestic industries through tariff adjustments and stricter import controls. This legal framework allows the government to implement responsive and preventive trade policies to ensure economic stability, protect labor-intensive industries, and mitigate the risks of global trade disruptions stemming from the US-China trade conflict. The study underscores the urgency of legal reform to maintain Indonesia’s resilience in the face of ongoing global economic tensions.