AKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT MARKISA (Passiflora edulis Sims) DAN KULIT ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill) TERHADAP KELARUTAN KALSIUM OKSALAT - Widodo, B. N.; Tukiran, T. (Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry), 2021)
Kulit markisa dan kulit alpukat mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang kompleks, termasuk kandungan kalium yang cukup tinggi di dalamnya. Senyawa flavonoid dapat berperan dalam peluruhan kalsium oksalat, membentuk senyawa kompleks yang mudah terlarut dalam air, serta kalium dapat memisahkan ikatan antara kalsium dengan oksalat. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan senyawa bioaktif dan daya larut dari kombinasi ekstrak kulit markisa dengan kulit alpukat terhadap kristal kalium oksalat. Simplisia kering kedua sampel diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan perendaman dalam pelarut etanol 96%. Keberadaan senyawa bioaktif dalam ekstrak ditentukan dengan skrining fitokimia, kadar total flavonoid ditentukan menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis, sedangkan kadar kalium dan kalsium terlarut ditentukan menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan masing-masing 3 kali ulangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis varian One way Anova, dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa pada ekstrak etanol kulit markisa positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid, dan triterpenoid, sedangkan ekstrak etanol kulit alpukat positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid, dan triterpenoid. Kadar total flavonoid dalam ektrak kulit markisa dan kulit alpukat sebesar 3,2397 dan 3,0913 mg QE/gram sampel, sedangkan kadar kaliumnya sebesar 134,72 dan 47,56 mg/100 g sampel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak yang memiliki efek melarutkan paling besar adalah kombinasi ekstrak kulit markisa dan ekstrak kulit alpukat dengan perbandingan 3:1 mampu melarutkan 14,799 mg/L kalsium oksalat. Kata kunci :  flavonoid, kalium, kalsium oksalat, kulit alpukat, kulit markisa. Passion fruit peel and avocado peel contain complex bioactive compounds, including a high potassium content in them. Flavonoid compounds can play a role in the breakdown of calcium oxalate, form complex compounds that are easily soluble in water, and potassium can separate the bonds between calcium and oxalate. This study aims to determine the presence of bioactive compounds and the solubility of the combination of passion fruit peel and avocado peel extract against potassium oxalate crystals. The dry simplicia of the two samples was extracted using the maceration method by immersing in 96% ethanol solvent. The presence of bioactive compounds in the extract was determined by phytochemical screening, the total of flavonoid contents were determined using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, while the levels of potassium and dissolved calcium were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 7 treatments each 3 replicates. Data analysis was performed using One way Anova, continued by Duncan's test. Phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of passion fruit peel was positive for alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid, and triterpenoid compounds, while the ethanol extract avocado peel was positive for alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid, and triterpenoid compounds. The total flavonoid contents in the passion fruit peel and avocado peel extract were 3.2397 and 3.0913 mg QE/gram sample, while the potassium levels were 134.72 and 47.56 mg/100 g samples. The results of the analysis showed that the combination of extracts that had the greatest dissolving effect was the combination of passion fruit peel extract and avocado peel extract with a ratio of 3:1 which was able to dissolve 14.799 mg/L of calcium oxalate.  Keywords : avocado peel, calcium oxalate, flavonoids, passion fruit peel, potassium.