DAYA BUNUH EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA (A. squamosa L.) TERHADAP TELUR DAN LARVA A. aegypti - Purwaningsih, Nur Vita; Kardiwinata, Made Pasek; Utami, Ni Wayan Arya (CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry), 2015)
ABSTRAK : Nyamuk A . aegypti merupakan vektor utama DBD. Upaya memberantas nyamuk dewasa dengan fogging merupakan upaya terakhir, tetapi tanpa pemberitahuan ke masyarakat sehingga masyarakat tidak mengetahui atau belum siap. Usaha lain adalah menabur abate tetapi air yang ditaburi abate menjadi berbau kurang sedap, dan bersifat karsinogenik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan insektisida alternatif yang alami dan bersifat mudah terurai di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya bunuh ekstrak daun srikaya  terhadap telur dan larva A . aegypti . Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode post test only control group design . Sampel penelitian adalah 576 butir telur A . aegypti dan 576 ekor larva A . aegypti masing-masing dari Instar I, II, III dan IV, jumlah dalam satu wadah 24 ekor dengan 4 kali pengulangan dengan menggunakan konsentrasi 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm dan 400 ppm. Hasil penelitian didapatkan kematian telur dengan LC 50 sebesar 42,5423 ppm dan LC 90 52,0052 ppm, larva instar I didapatkan LC 50 sebesar 36,9248 ppm dan LC 90 45,1515 ppm, larva instar II didapatkan LC 50 sebesar 49,5588 ppm dan LC 90 60,3818 ppm, larva instar III didapatkan LC 50 sebesar 90,2210 ppm dan LC 90 141,021 ppm, larva instar IV didapatkan LC 50 sebesar 98,6166 ppm dan LC 90 156,402 ppm. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh p<0,05 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan konsentrasi yang bermakna dalam menyebabkan kematian telur dan larva. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun srikaya memiliki daya bunuh terhadap telur dan larva A . aegypti .   ABSTRACT : Haemorrhagic Dengue Fever (HDF) is transmitted through mosquito A . aegypti is the primary vector. Fogging is the last attempt to eradicate A . aegypti , the prevention of the fogging could kill adult mosquitoes, the implementation of fogging sometimes not notice the announcement, so the society does’nt know about it or not ready yet. Besides fogging, spreading abate is another effort that often have been done, the water that have been spread by abate smell bad and caused carcinogenic. Therefore it needs natural alternative insecticides and also easy to biodegradable in the nature. The aim of this study is determine the ability of sugar apple leaf extract to kill the eggs and larvae of A . aegypti . This study used an experimental design by using post test only control group design. The sample was 576 eggs of A . aegypti and A . aegypti larvae 576 each from instar I, II, III and IV, the amount in the container 24 tail with four repetitions by using a concentration of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm and 400 ppm. The result showed the egg mortality is 42.5423 ppm with LC 50 and 52,0052 ppm with LC 90 , In the first instar larvae obtained by 36.9248 ppm with LC 50 and 45,1515 ppm with LC 90 , second instar larvae obtained by 49.5588 ppm with LC 50 and 60,3818 ppm with LC 90 , third instar larvae obtained by 90.2210 ppm with LC 50 and 141,021ppm with LC 90 , fourth instar larvae obtained by 98,6166 ppm with LC 50 and 156,402 ppm with LC 90 . Mann-Whitney test results obtained p <0.05 which shows there is a difference in the concentration causing the death of eggs and larvae. From the result of research we can conclude that the leaf extract of sugar apple has the ability to kill the eggs and larvae of A . aegypti .
Keywords: sugar apple leaf extract; eggs and larvae of A. aegypti.