ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia) YANG DAPAT MENURUNKAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH. - Kartini, Ketut Sepdyana; Swantara, I Made Dira; Suartha, I Nyoman (CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry); Vol 3 No 2 (2015), 2015)
ABSTRAK : Telah dilakukan penelitian isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa aktif yang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dari ekstrak etanol buah pare terhadap tikus putih jantan ( Rattus novergicus ) yang diinduksi aloksan. Ekstrak etanol buah pare dipartisi dengan n-heksana, kloroform, dan n-butanol. Berdasarkan hasil uji, fraksi n-heksana paling cepat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada hari ke-14. Fraksi n-heksana selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (6 : 4,5) diperoleh 5 fraksi (F A - F E ). Berdasarkan hasil uji, fraksi A merupakan fraksi yang paling aktif menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dibandingkan fraksi lainnya (fraksi B, C, D, E). Fraksi A dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada hari ke-7. Hasil identifikasi isolat aktif (FA) menggunakan GC-MS menunjukkan adanya 10 senyawa yaitu  n-tetradekana, metil dodekanoat, metil heksadekanoat, etil heksadekanoat, metil-9,12oktadekadienoat, metil-9-oktadekenoat, metil oktadekanoat, etil oktadekanoat, metil-9cis-11trans-13trans oktadekatrienoat, dan mono (2-etilheksil)-1,2-benzenadikarboksilat. ABSTRACT : The aim of this research was to isolate and identify the active compounds from ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit to reduce the blood glucose levels of male mice ( Rattus novergicus ) which was alloxan induced. Partition of the ethanol extract using n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol was conducted and we found that the n-hexane fractions was the fastest to reduce blood glucose levels on day 14. The n-hexane fractions were then separated by coloumn chromatography using n-hexane: ethyl acetate (6: 4,5) as eluent and five fractions (F A - F E ) were obtained. Based on the test result, fraction A was the most active fraction to reduce the blood glucose levels than other fractions (fractions B, C, D, E). The fraction A could reduce blood glucose levels on day 7. Identification of the active isolates (F A ) was conducted by using GC-MS showed 10 compounds which were n-tetradecane, methyl dodecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, ethyl hexadecanoate, methyl-9,12octadecadienoate, methyl-9-octadecenoate, octadecanoic acid methyl ester, octadecanoic acid ethyl ester, methyl-9cis-11trans-13trans octadecatrienoate, and 1,2-benzenadikarboxylic acid mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester.
Keywords: bitter melon fruit, blood glucose levels, alloxan